Listening : make me a copy, please

Description:

Often time student are not able to communicating clearly what they would like to say.
It is purpose of this lesson to help student understand to need to be articulate and precise when explain steps to another student. In addition the student listening will learn to be a more affective listener.

Goal: Students will understand to need to be articulate when communicating
Objectives:
1. the student will use descriptive eplications to guide another student in completing the task.
2. The student will explain the importance of being articulate and the frustration when directions are unclear.
Background Information:
This activity will teach student to explain what they see and guide another student in reproducing the drawing by what they are told
Concepts: Student will able to:
1. Explain and articulate the steps to reproducing a drawing
2. Follow directions as closely as possible
3. Communicate with follow students to accomplish the given task

Giving Instruction

Giving Instruction is an expression that is used in order that order that other person does what we instruct or request, or giving imperative to other people for to do or not to do something, giving instruction sometimes called comperative/prohibition.

Fasten your seatbelt, please!







Stop!






Keep turn right

Reading : analyze characters, setting, etc.

1. Plot
Story has a certain arrangement of events which are taken to have a relation to one another. This arrangement of events to some end-for instance to create significance, raise the level of generality, extend or complicate the meaning – is known as plot.

2. Character
Characters in a work of story are generally designed to open up or explore certain aspects of human experience. Characters often depict particular traits – of human nature; they may represent only one or two traits – a greedy old man who has forgotten how to care about others, for instance, or they may represent very complex conflicts, values and emotions.

3. Setting
Stories requires a setting; this is in poetry may vary from the concrete to the general often setting will have particular culturally coded significance- a sea-horse has a significance for us different from that of a dirty street corner, for instance, and different situations and significances can be constructed through its use.

4. Theme
Theme is also important to, theme is especial idea which is used as base in writing down story mostly letter than implicit.

5. Point of view
Point of view interpreted as a position of author to events in story. There is point of view of first person singular and there is third person singular point of view.

6. Language style
Language style is the way to typically in laying open feeling or mind through language in the form of oral or article.

Speaking : speech

Direct speech is saying exactly what someone has said is called direct speech (sometimes called quoted speech). Here what a person says appears within quotation marks (“…”) and should be word for word.

Indirect speech
Indirect speech (sometimes called reported speech), doesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word. When reporting speech the tense usually changes. This is because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking about a time in the past (because obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too.

Vocabs : shapes, part of body

Parts of body

1. Hair = Rambut
2. Head = Kepala
3. Neck = Leher
4. Throat = Tenggorokan
5. Shoulder = Bahu
6. Chest = Dada
7. Back = Punggung
8. Waist = Pinggung
9. Stomach = Perut
10. Hip = Pinggul
11. Bottom = Pantat
12. Armpit = Ketiak
13. Arm = Lengan
14. Upper arm = Lengan Atas
15. Elbow = Siku
16. Forearm = Lengan Bawah
17. Wrist = Pergelangan Tangan
18. Fist = Kepalan Tangan
19. Hand = Tangan
20. Palm = Tapak Tangan
21. Thumb = Ibu Jari
22. Finger = Jari Tangan
23. Nail = Kuku
24. Leg = Kaki

Writing: autobiography

Writing : Autobiography

An autobiography is a book about life of person,written by that person.

Version of the autobiography form :

1. Diary
2. Autobiographies as critiques of totally tarianism
3. Sensasionalist and celebrity " autobiographies "
4. Autobiographies of the non famous
5. Fake autobiographies
6. Fiction autobographies

Greetings

Greeting is expression of regards that can we say if we meet someone.
Greeting can we use to open a conversation.
like this : " All right everybody. I'll tell you about........"

GREETING

• Hello/hi
• Good morning
• Good afternoon
• How are you ?
• Ho do you do ?

RESPON

• Hello/hi
• Good morning
• Good afternoon
• Fine thanks
• How do you do?
  

EXAMPLE :
Asep : Good morning , Yessi
Yessi : Morning Asep.How are you today?
Asep : Pretty well, thanks.How's everything with you, Yessi?
Yessi : Great!

Narrative Text

Narrative Text is a piece of writing that tells in form of fairy, tale, legend, fable, science, fiction and myths.

Function Narrtive Text:
1. To entertain the readers
2. To teach or inform
3. To change social opinion

The generic structures of the text:
Orientation : It sets the scene and introduces the participants
(it answers the questions; Who, What, When and Where)
Complication : A crisis or a problem arises. It usually involves the main characters.
Resolution : A solution to the problem (for better or worse). Main characters find a way to solve
the problem.

Other generic structures of the text:
Evaluation : (optional) a step back to evaluate the plight (the narrator’s viewpoint)
Coda : (optional) changes of the characters or lesson/value of the story
Re-orientation : (optional)

example :

The Old Woman and The Sparrow

Once upon a time, there lived a kind hearted man and his wife. One morning, his wife found a poor little sparrow. She took it gently and fed it. To show its gratitude, the sparrow stayed with them and sang every morning. But there was an ill-tempered old woman who didn’t like the sparrow. She cut the sparrow’s tongue. That’s why the bird flew away to its previous nest.

Knowing that their sparrow flew away, the kind man and his wife looked for the sparrow. They walked a long way, crossed the bridges, climbed the mountains and passed the woods.

At last, they could find the sparrow’s nest. The sparrow welcomed them and provided a feast for them. Before they went home, the sparrow brought two baskets; one was large and looked heavy, and the other one was small and light. The sparrow asked them to choose only one. They chose the small and that was the best choice. There were many rolls of silk and piles of gold in it.

Being jealous, the ill-tempered old woman did the same thing as the kind man and his wife did. She chose the big basket which actually contained wasps and venomous crawlers, such as scorpions, centipedes, and other horrible creatures. Finally, aaathey stung and bit her to death.

Appointment

Appointment, in government refers to the assignment of a person by an official to perform a duty, such as a presidential appointment of a judge to a court. This may also happen for an office which is normally elected, but has an unexpected vacancy. A person appointed but not yet in office is a design.

Making an Appointment
1.I’d like to make an appointment with Kristian
2.I want to make an appointment to see ....
3.I’d like you to come and see
4.Can I come and see you?
-I’ll be there
-What about ....(thank you)

Accepting an Appointment
1.All right, see you there
2.No problem, I’m free on ....(Thursday)
3.Be there on time
4.I’ll wait for you
5.It’s a deal

Canceling an Appointment
1.I’m terrible sorry I have to put off my appointment
2.I’m sorry, I’m very busy
3.I’m afraid I have to postpone my appointment with ....(Mr. Erwanto) tomorrow morning

Changing an Appointment
1.What about ....(Thursday at 04.00 p.m.)
2.Is that ok, if we meet at ....
3.Well, I must be off now. I’ll talk to you later!
4.Could we change the schedule of the meeting?
5.Do you have another time this afternoon

This an example of appointment
Marketing/sales 2 Print
Jl. Karet Bivak 56
Senayan, Jakarta 12920


February 10, 2005

Mr. Adang Daradjat
Vice President for marketing
PT. BAC Indonesia
Jl. Jend. Sudirman kav.26
Jakarta Selatan 12750

Dear Mr. Daradjat;

I believe my 10 years of solid marketing background would be an asset to PT. BAC Indonesia.

In my association with PT. General Electronic, I was responsible for increasing sales of a $40 million product line between 10% and 32% in 20 markets after years of consistent decline. I also reversed continual losses of what once was a $150 million profit center and restored profitability to several smaller operations scheduled for write-offs. In addition, I have been successful in opening market areas previously unknown to the company.

As you see from the enclosed resume I am also experienced in new product development, acquisitions, licensing, and export. When can we set up an appointment to discuss a sales or marketing position with your firm? I may be reached at (021) 25049902


Sincerely,

Sympathy expression

Expressing sympathy or know as symphaty expression in our lesson is used to expressing symphaty feeling on care to someone who has a problem or who got an accident and have experienced something bad/terrible.

Showing symphaty :
*I’m so sorry
*we’re terribly upset to hear that
*oh,you,poor little thing
*look! This is not the end of the world
*oh,no !
*I’m deeply sorry that
*I know how it feels

Other example of showing symphaty :
1.That’s : - Awful !
- A read fool
2.What : - Shame
- Pitty
3.How : - Terrible
- A roadful

Responses :
*thank you for your symphaty
*it was nothing
*thanks for your kidness
*don’t have to worry,I can face it

We express it to him/her orally or we can use a letter or card bt post also by sending a SMS or short message,e-mail,TV, radio, and newspaper if he/she who got the problem or trouble is far from us.

Advertisement

Advertisment is an information for persuading and motivating people so that they will attract to the service and the thing that are offered or informed.
Function of advertisement
*Promotion
*Communication
*Information

In making an advertisement keep the following points

Language of advertisement :
*using the corret or suitable words. *using the interesting and suggestive expression. *using positive expression. *text of advertisement should be directed to the goals. Content of advertisement : *Objective *Brief and clear * Not allude group or other producer.

Content of advertismenet
· Objective and honest · Brief and clear · Not macking to group or other producer. · Attractive attention.
Advertisement have 2(two)meaning
1. advertisement is a comercial solicitation designed to sell commodity,service or similar.
-companies try to sell their products usin.
Advertisement in from or palacards,television,sport and print
publication.

2. advertisement is a public noties
-the city council placed an advertisement in the local newspaperin informs it resident of the forthcom in road works.
Advertisement is refers to all people many advertisement are disigend to generate increased consumption of those products and service through the creation and reinforcement of brand image “N” barand loyality.

example:

Announcement

Announcement is something said, written , or printed to make know what was happened or (more often) what will happen.

In writing an announcement keep the following point :
· the title/type of event
· date/time,place and
· contact person

we can find the announcement on television,radio,newspaper,billboard,magazine,etc.
example of announcement

Announcement
Title/type of event > attention please..
Mr.Hanjaya ,our
headmaster,will say some
thing about the national
examination. All students
of grade xii are required to
place and time > gather in the school hall
after the school break.
Thank you
Contact person > Mr.Dion

Present Tense

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
· The simple present is used :

To express habits,general truths,repeated actions or unchanging situasions,emotions and wishes :
I smoke (habit) ; I work in London (unchanging situation) ; London is a large city(general truth)

Example : for habits
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.for repeated actions or events
We catch the bus every morning.
It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
They drive to Monaco every summer

-VERBAL SENTENCE affirmative from S+V1(-s/-es) + Object
( I buy some books )

-NEGATIVE FROM S+do/does+not+V1+object
( I do not buy some books )

-INTERROGATIVE FROM Do/does + S +V1+Object?
(do I buy some books)

Characteristic
· actions that happen now or today
· some presen ;tense verbs have “ing”,”s”,or “es” on the end of them.
· Clue words:now,today
· Examples :


- The formula for present tense is
S+V1+O
He is super men.

S+TO BE(am,is,are)+noun,adjective,adv.
She is student
Asep is handsome

Example :
*the dogs jump over the fence.
*she goes to school everyday.
*The two man are my friends

Invitation

Invitation is a way to ask some one to go to an event or a place or to do something.The function of invitation is to ask some one to go to a place or to do something.We usually use the “invitation” in our daily life, for example if we want to hold an event like a birthday party . We use the invitaion and if we want some one to do something , like if we want our friend to help us. We use the invitation too.

There are 2 types of Invitation:

Invitation Formal

- Formal Invitation is the official invitation usually written reply came from such institutions and companies etc.

Invitation Informal

- Informal invitation is not an official invitation written / oral and this invitation is usually given to friends, family and others

Invitation Verbal

Example:

We want to invite you to come to our house

Can you come to my restaurant?

Are you free tonight?

Accepting (menerima)

I like that

That sounds good

Thank you for inviting

Refusing(menolak)

I like that but I can't

I'm very sorry for not able to come

Sorry, I'm very busy

EXAMPLE informal invitation:



EXAMPLE formal invitation:

Recount Text

Recount text is a text that is used to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining.

The generic structures of recount text are :
1. Orientation ( it gives the readers the background information needed to understand the text such as who was involved, where it happened, when it happened)
2. Events (a series of events, ordered in a chronological sequence)
3. Re-orientation (restates the writer’s opinion or personal comment of the writer on the incident

The significant Lexicogrammatical features :
1. Use of simple past tense
2. Use of temporal conjunctions (when, after, before, next, later, then)
3. Use of personal pronoun (I, we)

EXAMPLE:

My Holiday

Last holiday after national examination, i went to bali for 4 days with my family.

My father and my mother went to bali for work 3 days before my brother and i went there.

In bali, we went to many places.
In first day, after my brother and i arrived in ngurah rai airport we went to sanur beach, kuta beach, and ulluwatu for watched kecak dance.
In second day, we went to garuda wisnu kencana,tanah lot, and ate seafood in jimbaran. tanah lot was very beautiful.
In the third day, we went to waterbom, kuta beach, and art market for bought handicraft for my friends.
In last day, we just stayed in hotel and went to airport in the afternoon and arrived in bandung in the evening.

Happiness Expression

Happiness Expression is an expression that is used to show that someone or people are glad have excited feelings. We can express it by word and gestures.

* I'm happy because...
* Fantastic
* Great
* My life's fun of happy day
* You make me happy
* I'm happy today
* I'm so glad that you
* I like...
* I love...
* Congratulation !!
* I'm pleased with
* I'm statistied with

Procedure Text

Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how to make something with actions or step. This text uses simple present tenses. It also use the temporal conjunction such as first, second, then, next, etc.

Generic Structures of procedure text:
* Goal or aim (or title)
* Material (not required for all procedural text)
* Steps (the actions that must be taken)

How to make a fried noodles

Materials:
- A sachet of INDOMIE fried noodles
- 400 cc (2 glass) hot water
- A pot or pan
- A plate
- A spoon
- An egg and some sausage

Steps:
- Boil 400 cc (2 glasses) of water in a pan, add noodle, and stir slowly for 3 minutes
- Pour the seasoning on a plate, while noodles is being cooked
-Then, take the cooked noodles from the boiling water and drain it
- Mix noodles throughly with the all seasoning
- Add an egg and some sausage, and your delicious noodles is ready to serve

Past Tense

Simple past is used for describing acts that have already been concluded and whose exact time of occurrence is known. Furthermore, simple past is used for retelling successive events. That is why it is commonly used in storytelling.

Simple past is formed for regular verbs by adding –ed to the root of a word. Example: He walked to the store. A negation is produced by adding did not and the verb in its infinitive form.

Example: He did not walk to the store. Question sentences are started with did as in Did he walk to the store?

The pattern :

(+)Subject + verb II + complement

(-)Subject + did not + verb II + complement

(?)Did + subject + verb I

The examples :

(+)I went to Banjarmasin last night

(-)I did not go anywhere yesteray

(?)Did you go last month?

Adverbs used : yesterday, last night, last week, two days ago, a few minutes ago, last weekend, last month, last year, in 1984, etc.

Past Continuous Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an event or an action which was happening in a certain time in the past.

The pattern :

(+)Subject + was/were +verb-ing+ complement

(-)Subject + was not/were not+verb-ing+ complement

(?)was/were+ subject + verb-ing+complement

The examples :

(+)He was writing a letter at eight o’clock last night

(-)He was not writing a letter at seven o’clock last night

(?)Were you writing a letter at eight last night?

Adverbs used : at the time like this yesterday, at seven o’clock last night, etc.

Past Perfect Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished till certain time in the past too; or past perfect tense is used to express an action or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened.

The pattern :

(+)Subject + had+verb III+cmplement

(-)Subject + had not+ver III+complement

(?)Had + subject +verb III+complement

The examples :

(+)We had eaten before they came

(-)They had not eaten before we came

(?)Had they eaten before we came?

Adverbs used : from 1998 to 1999, once, twice, etc.